Vision changes are one of the most common experiences of getting older. Some are minor and easily corrected. Others need prompt attention. Knowing the difference matters.
Presbyopia: the most common change
From around the age of 40, most people start to notice that it is harder to focus on things close up. Reading becomes difficult without glasses or reading glasses. This is presbyopia, and it happens because the lens of the eye gradually loses flexibility. It is entirely normal and easily corrected with reading glasses.
Cataracts
Cataracts cause the lens of the eye to become cloudy over time. You may notice blurred or hazy vision, colours appearing less vivid, glare from lights, and difficulty seeing at night. Cataracts develop slowly and can be surgically corrected, usually with very good outcomes.
Age-Related Macular Degeneration
AMD affects the central part of your vision, which is used for reading, recognising faces and seeing fine detail. Early symptoms include slightly blurred central vision or straight lines appearing wavy. It is one of the leading causes of vision loss and needs prompt assessment by an eye specialist.
Glaucoma
Glaucoma damages the optic nerve, often due to increased pressure inside the eye. In its early stages it has no symptoms, which is why regular eye examinations are so important. Peripheral vision is affected first, gradually closing in over time. When caught early, it can usually be managed to prevent significant vision loss.
What to do
Have your eyes tested regularly, at least every two years, and more often if you notice any changes. If you experience sudden vision changes, flashes of light, floaters or loss of vision, seek urgent medical attention.
Good lighting at home, anti-glare lenses and magnification aids can all make daily life easier when vision has changed.